1. Executive Summary

   1.1 Average Engine Displacement of Cars Sold in EU-15 and Sales of Low CO2 Emission Vehicles

   1.2 Comparison of Average Engine Displacements and CO2 Emissions

   1.3 Average Engine Displacement of Cars Sold in EU-15—by Country

   1.4 Diesel Engine Penetration Analysis

   1.5 Powertrain Production Mix across OEMs

   1.6 Conclusions and Strategic Recommendations for OEMs

2. Engine Downsizing Trends in Western Europe

   2.1 Key Challenges Involved in Engine Downsizing for OEMs

   2.2 Market Drivers and Restraints for Engine Downsizing

   2.3 Comparative Analysis of Emission Regulations across Regions

   2.4 Comparative Analysis of Incentives and Legislation across Countries

   2.5 Green House Gas Reduction/Fuel Economy Regulation

   2.6 Global Powertrain Mix by Fuels

   2.7 European LCV CO2 Banding

   2.8 CO2 Segment-wise Weighted Average—Forecast for 2015

   2.9 OEM Snapshot—Engine Downsizing

   2.10 Comparison of Fuel Consumption for Key VW Models across Europe and United States

   2.11 Key Technologies for OEMs towards Euro 6 Compliance—Cost vs. CO2 Benefit

   2.12 Scenario Analysis for Engine Downsizing

   2.13 Gasoline-Boosting Technologies

   2.14 Diesel-Boosting Technologies

   2.15 Downsizing Trends—Forecasts by OEM

   2.16 Conclusions and Strategic Recommendations  

3. Downsizing of Gasoline Engines

   3.1 Downsizing Trends in Gasoline Engines

   3.2 Scenario Analysis for Downsizing in Gasoline Engines

   3.3 Downsizing Trends in Gasoline Engines—Forecasts by Segment

4. Downsizing of Diesel Engines

   4.1 Downsizing Trends in Diesel Engines

   4.2 Scenario Analysis for Downsizing in Diesel Engines

   4.3 Downsizing Trends in Diesel Engines—Forecasts by Segment 

5. Strategies Adopted for Engine Downsizing by OEMs 55

   5.1 BMW

   5.2 Daimler

   5.3 Fiat

   5.4 Ford

   5.5 General Motors (Opel/Vauxhall)

   5.6 PSA Group

   5.7 Renault—Nissan

   5.8 Volkswagen Group (Audi, Seat, Skoda and Volkswagen)

   5.9 Conclusions and Strategic Recommendations for OEMs

   5.10 Conclusions and Strategic Recommendations for Suppliers

6. Certification and Disclaimer 

7. Appendix

   7.1 List of Acronyms Used in the Research Service

8. About Frost & Sullivan